Plea for donations, search for missing persons, and even terrorism become easier with the invention of modern communication, it is a life saving tool as well as deleterious to lives.

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Early telecommunication

Warfare without telecommunication? How would it be? How had the Middle Ages warriors communicate with one another without walkie-talkie or centralized control center? Nevertheless, the Middle Age warfares were commanded with different forms of telecommunication, not as sophisticated as in current era; it proved that telecommunication is essential and substantial in societies.

During the Middle Ages, chains of beacons were commonly used on hilltops as a means of relaying a signal. Beacon chains suffered the drawback that they could only pass a single bit of information, so the meaning of the message such as “the enemy has been sighted” had to be agreed upon in advance. One notable instance of their use was during the Spanish Armada, when a beacon chain relayed a signal from Plymouth to London that signaled the arrival of the Spanish warships.

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Move on to the use of smoke signals and drums in Africa, the Americas and parts of Asia. To give a few illustrative examples, rhythm composed with drums express the danger ahead or the movements of the enemy in the forest bound tribe’s war. Smoke signals give out enemy’s positions and declare war begins or war ends.

Text messages can be defined as digital carrier pigeon, before telegraph was invented; notes were transmitted through carrier pigeons, years later it was abolished and replaced by pony express. It is an ancient form of Fedex or postal service, but it did not convoy ordinary parcels, it was used to relay messages during war. It became more applicable to general public, though not all, after the invention of telegraph.

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A dial-up (sometimes called a switched) connection is a telephonic arrangement that is set up only when needed, using shared, circuit-switched communication lines (as in “plain old telephone service”). A dedicated (sometimes called a non-switched) connection is a continuous, always available connection (familiar to users of Digital Subscriber Line or DSL service). A leased line is a line rented from a telephone company that provides dedicated connection between two points (such as a headquarters office and a manufacturing plant).

In computer programming, a connection is the setting up of resources (such as computer memory and buffers) so that a particular object such as a database or file can be read or written to. Typically, a programmer encodes an OPEN or similar request to the operating system that ensures that system resources such as memory are set up, encodes READs and WRITES or similar requests, and then encodes a CLOSE when a connection is no longer needed so that the resources are returned to the system for other users.

A closely related term is session, which is sometime used to distinguish the ability to communicate for some duration in a logical sense. In this usage, the connection is regarded as the physical setup and the session is regarded as the logical setup. A session could be terminated and the connection maintained with the expectation of a new session later.

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